Biostimulants
Plant Physiology
Plant physiology describes all internal processes that determine how plants grow, develop, and respond to their environment. These processes govern the uptake of water and nutrients, energy production, growth, stress adaptation, and survival.
What is plant physiology?
Plant physiology is the science concerned with the functioning of cells, tissues, and organs in plants. It focuses on how plants function under both optimal and stressful conditions.
- Regulation of growth and development
- Water and nutrient management
- Energy production and transport
- Stress response and recovery
Main physiological processes
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis forms the basis of plant growth and energy supply. It converts light energy into chemical energy needed for construction and maintenance.
Respiration
Respiration provides energy through the breakdown of organic substances and supports all active processes within the plant.
Water transport
Water transport ensures the supply of water and dissolved nutrients and supports cell elongation and temperature regulation.
Nutrient transport
Nutrients are absorbed, transported, and distributed to support metabolic processes and growth.
Plant physiology and stress
Under stress conditions, the plant adjusts its physiological processes to minimize damage and ensure survival.
Abiotic stress
Drought, salt, temperature, and light directly influence photosynthesis, water balance, and enzymatic activity.
Biotic stress
Invasion by pathogens and insects activates physiological defense responses and energy redistribution.
Regulation and signaling processes
Plant physiological processes are governed by complex signaling networks that translate internal and external stimuli into targeted responses.
Effect of plant physiology on plant performance
Well-functioning plant physiology contributes to:
- Stable growth
- Efficient nutrient utilization
- High stress tolerance
- Maintained yield and quality
Overview: role of plant physiology
| Process | Effect |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | Energy production and biomass construction |
| Respiration | Energy supply for growth |
| Water transport | Hydration and cooling |
| Nutrients | Support of metabolism |
| Stress response | Protection and recovery |